Performance and Stability of Finger millet [Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn] Genotypes in Northwestern Ethiopia
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Background: Finger millet is one of the neglected (orphan) crops which thrive even on marginal lands where other crops cannot perform well. To boost the productivity and production of the crop, improved varieties are a key input. However, effect of genotype by environment interaction hampers variety development process. This causes instability of genotypes across environments. Hence,
information on performance and stability is of prime importance for breeders before releasing a certain variety of the crop.
Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the performance and stability of finger millet genotypes for grain yield and other agronomic traits.
Materials and Methods: Sixteen finger millet genotypes were evaluated during the 2017, 2018 and 2019 main cropping seasons at Adet, Merawi and Finoteselam district in the Amhara Regional State using a randomized complete block design with three replications. Data were collected both on plot and plant basis, and then subjected to analysis of variance and Pearson correlation.
Results: The combined analysis of variance revealed significant variations due to genotype, environment and their interaction. A significant positive correlation was observed between yield related traits with grain yield, which is important for selection. Mean grain yields of the genotypes were ranged between 1.48 t ha–1 and 2.34 t ha–1, which could be to genetic variability among genotypes and the environments. Variances due to environment and genotype by environment interaction were found to be greater than that of genotype, and there was a crossover effect. In such cases, stability analysis is a possible procedure to examine genotypes for stability. Thus, GGE bi-plot analysis showed variance among genotypes. Hence, G-6, G-7 and G-1 were found to be stable genotypes. Among them, G-7 was found to be superior to all other genotypes in terms of yield advantage and stability.
Conclusion: Genotypes exhibited variances in stability due to the effect of genotype by environment interaction (about 8.9%). Among all the genotypes, G-7 was found to be an ideal genotype with higher yield, stability, and moderate resistance to blast disease. Having such merits, the Ethiopian Variety Release Standing Committee has officially approved G-7 (AD14-SEL045) as a new variety with breeder
name “Adet-05” for wider cultivation and use.
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