Standard Heterosis for Grain Yield and Yield Related Traits in Maize (Zea mays L.) Inbred Lines in Haramaya District, Eastern Ethiopia
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Determination of heterosis in maize hybrids is necessary for identification of
superior F1 hybrids for breeding programs. Therefore, this study was conducted to estimate
the amount of standard heterosis for grain yield and related traits in order to identify
potential hybrid for future breeding schemes. Eight maize inbred lines were mated through a
half diallel mating design (Griffing’s Method IV, Model I). The resulting twenty-eight F1
hybrids along with two standard checks (BHQPY 545 and MH 138) were evaluated using
Alpha-Lattice Design with three replications during 2017/18 main cropping season at
Haramaya University Research Site (Raare). Analysis of variance revealed significant
variations for all traits indicating the existence of genetic variability. The result of heterosis
estimation showed considerable amount of positive and negative heterosis for all traits
studied. The highest percentage of standard heterosis for grain yield was manifested by the
cross combinations L3 × L6 over BHQPY 545, and L3 × L6, L3 × L8, L2 × L5, L6 × L8,
L1 × L4, L4 × L6 and L3×L4 over MH138 (greater than 20% yield advantage). The
maximum positive and significant standard heterosis was recorded for L3 × L6, and L1 × L4
for 1000 kernel weight and number of kernels per row, respectively over the two checks
BHQPY-545 and MH-138. The observed highest heterosis for grain yield and related traits
indicated the possibility of increasing yield by exploiting heterotic potential of maize
genotypes. The information generated by this study could be useful for researchers who need
to develop high yielding maize hybrids. Hence the potential hybrids could be recommended
for commercial use, after verifying the results by repeating the research over years and across
locations.
Copyright (c) 2020 Woldu Mogesse, Habtamu Zelleke, Mandefro Nigussie
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