Role and Problems of Coffee and Enset Dominant Home gardens for Enhanced Livelihood and Food Security in Dilla District, Southern Ethiopia
Downloads
Abstract: Home gardens are one of the most complex and diverse agroforestry systems in Gedeo, southern Ethiopia and it has played an important role in the improvement of livelihood and food security of households. The study was conducted with the objective of investigating the role and problems of Coffee (Coffea arabica L) and Enset (Ensete ventricosum (Welw.) Cheesman) dominated home gardens for improved livelihoods and food security in the study area. A purposive random sampling method was used to obtain a study population of 120 households. Primary data were collected through structured and semi-structured interviews, questionnaires, and direct observations. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics by generating frequency distribution and percentages. Pearson correlation analysis was used to determine relationships between household age, educational level, household family size, home garden, and food security indicators. The results revealed that out of a total 75 different plant species, 40% were food crops, 17.3% were cash crops, 13.3% were medicinal plants, 17.3% were plants used as live fence, 20% were plants used for construction and fuel, 10.6% were used for home made furniture and utensils, 4% were used as spices crops, 5.3% were stimulants, 10.6% were used as ornamentals and 20% were used as shade trees. It was found that about 36.2% of the household income was contributed by home gardening in the surveyed area. The Pearson correlation coefficient results have showed that home gardening was positively and significantly correlated with household food security with respect to the number of meals eaten per day (0.281 at P < 0.01), home garden crops owned (0.716 at P < 0.01) and heads of livestock owned (0.223 at P < 0.05). However, no significantly positive correlation was observed between home gardening and household educational level. From the result, it was concluded that majority of plant in home gardens were food crops and contributing for food security. Households, therefore, should be aware and encouraged to use technologies to improve their practice of home gardening to realize food security.
 Keywords: Agroforesry; Ensete ventrocosum (Welw.) Cheesman; Coffea arabica L.; Food security; Home garden; Livelihood.
Â
Abdoellah, O. S., Hadikusumah, H. Y., Takeuchi K., Okubo, S. and Parikesit 2006 Commercialization of homegardens in an Indonesian village: vegetation composition and functional changes. Agroforestry Systems, 68: 1-13.
Allen, J. A. 1990. Homestead planting in two rural Swaziland communities. Agrofor Syst. 11: 11–22.
Bashir Jama, Eyasu Elias and Kebadire Mogotsi. 2006. Role of agroforestry in improving food security and natural resource management in the drylands: a regional overview. Journal of the dry lands, 1 (2): 206-211.
Chris, L. L. 2011. Livelihoods Grow in Gardens. Diversification booklet number II (2nd edition). FAO, 2012.
CSA (Central Statistical Authority). 2007. Population and housing census, 2007. Analytical report for the Southern Nations Nationalities and People's Region. Addis Ababa.
DZWAoRDP (Dilla Zuriya Woreda Agricultural office Rural Development and Planning). (2011). Annual Report. 2011/06, Woreda's Agricultural Office.
Fernandes, E. C. M. and Nair, P. K. R. 1986. An evaluation of the structure and function of tropical home gardens. ICRAF. Working paper. No. 38. Nairobi, Kenya.
Maria, T. P, Pagaza-Calderón, E. M., MartÃnez-Ballesté, A., Maldonado-Almanza, B., Saynes, A. and Pacheco, R. M. 2008. Homegardens as an alternative for sustainability: Challenges and perspectives in Latin America. Research Signpost 37/661, (2): 978Â81.
Mendez, V. E. 2000. An assessment of tropical homegardens as examples of local sustainable agroforestry systems. In: Gliessman, S.R. (ed.) Agroecosystem sustainability: developing practical strategies. Pp. 51-66. CRC Press: Boca Raton FL, USA.
Musvoto C. and Campbell B. M. 1995. Mango trees as components of agroforestry systems in Mangwende, Zimbabwe. Agrofor Syst., 32: 247–260.
Nair, P. K. R. 2006. Whither home gardens. In: Kumar B.M, Nair PKR, (eds). Tropical home gardens: a time-tested example of sustainable agroforestry, Pp. 355–370. Dordrecht: Springer Science.
Ndaeyo, N. U. 2007. Assessing the Contributions of Homestead Farming to Food Security in a Developing Economy: A Case Study of Southeastern Nigeria. J. Agri. Soc. Sci., 3 (1): 11Â16.
Nord, M., Coleman-Jensen, A., Andrews, M. and Carlson, S. 2009. Household Food Security in the United States. ERR- 108, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Econ. Res. Serv. November 2010.
PHE (population, health and environment). 2010. Ethiopia Consortium Newsletter, First Edition, January- April, 2010
Soemarwoto, O. 1987. Homegardens: A traditional agroforestry system with promising future. Pp. 157-172. Agroforestry. A decade of development. In: Steppler, H.A and Nair. P.K.R. (eds). ICRAF, Nairobi, Kenya.
SPSS Inc. 2007. SPSS Version 16. SPSS Incl., Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Tadesse Kippie 2002. Five Thousand Years of Sustainablity? A Case study on Gedeo Land Use (Southern Ethiopia). Treemail publishers, Heelsum, Netherland.
Uddinn, M. B. and Mukuln, S. A. 2004. Improving Forest Dependent Livelihoods through NTFPs and Home Gardens: A Case Study from Satchari National Park.
Vorgelegt V. 2007. Rural Home gardens in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia: An Example for a Sustainable Agro-Ecosystem. Ph.D dissertation, Georg-August - University. Göttingen.
Zerihun Kebebew, Weyessa Garedew and Adugna Debela. 2011. Undestanding Homegarden in Household Food Security: Case Study around Jimma, Southern Ethiopia. Research
Copyright (c) 2016 Melese Mengistu, Daniel Fitamo
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
- I am authorized by my co-authors to enter into these arrangements.
- I warrant, on behalf of myself and my co-authors, that:
- the article is original, has not been formally published in any other peer-reviewed journal, is not under consideration by any other journal and does not infringe any existing copyright or any other third party rights;
- I am/we are the sole author(s) of the article and have full authority to enter into this agreement and in granting rights to Springer are not in breach of any other obligation;
- the article contains nothing that is unlawful, libellous, or which would, if published, constitute a breach of contract or of confidence or of commitment given to secrecy;
- I/we have taken due care to ensure the integrity of the article. To my/our - and currently accepted scientific - knowledge all statements contained in it purporting to be facts are true and any formula or instruction contained in the article will not, if followed accurately, cause any injury, illness or damage to the user.
- I, and all co-authors, agree that the article, if editorially accepted for publication, shall be licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0. If the law requires that the article be published in the public domain, I/we will notify Springer at the time of submission, and in such cases the article shall be released under the Creative Commons 1.0 Public Domain Dedication waiver. For the avoidance of doubt it is stated that sections 1 and 2 of this license agreement shall apply and prevail regardless of whether the article is published under Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 or the Creative Commons 1.0 Public Domain Dedication waiver.
- I, and all co-authors, agree that, if the article is editorially accepted for publication in Haramaya Journals, data included in the article shall be made available under the Creative Commons 1.0 Public Domain Dedication waiver, unless otherwise stated. For the avoidance of doubt it is stated that sections 1, 2, and 3 of this license agreement shall apply and prevail.
